What Is Unconditional Positive Regard in Psychology

Unconditional positive regard, a concept from Rogerian psychotherapy, is the practice of showing nonjudgmental acceptance and warmth towards therapy clients. According to Rogers, unconditional positive regard is a key component of successful therapy. When clients feel accepted and understood by their therapist, they are more equipped to develop positive views about themselves and act in ways that improve their lives. Key Takeaways: Unconditional Positive Regard Unconditional positive regard is a term coined by psychologist Carl Rogers, the founder of person-centered psychotherapy.For therapists, practicing unconditional positive regard means communicating acceptance, warmth, and understanding to clients.Within Rogerian therapy, unconditional positive regard is considered a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship, as it helps clients cultivate unconditional positive self-regard. Unconditional Positive Regard and Humanistic Psychology Unconditional positive regard is an essential component of person-centered or Rogerian therapy, a therapeutic approach developed by psychologist Carl Rogers. In Rogerian therapy, a therapist listens and allows clients to decide for themselves what to discuss. The therapist’s role is to develop a better understanding of the client (or, in Rogerian terms, to cultivate empathic understanding), to be authentic and genuine in their interactions with clients, and to accept the client in a nonjudgmental, compassionate way. That nonjudgmental, compassionate acceptance is what Rogers termed unconditional positive regard. Rogerian therapy is considered a humanistic approach to psychology because it emphasizes people’s capabilities to grow and change for the better, focusing on strengths and potential rather than weakness. Benefits of Unconditional Positive Regard In Rogers’ theory, all humans need to feel good about themselves. As a result, we often end up developing contingent positive regard—that is, we feel good about ourselves only to the extent that we believe we are living up to certain standards. Individuals with contingent positive regard might feel positively about themselves only to the extent that they view themselves as a good student, a good employee, or a supportive partner. If they fail to meet those criteria, they experience anxiety. Unconditional positive regard is considered beneficial in Rogerian therapy because it helps clients develop unconditional positive self-regard. Clients may be accustomed to judging themselves harshly, but when they experience a therapists unconditional positive regard, they can develop an ability to accept themselves unconditionally. Unconditional positive regard is also considered beneficial in therapy because it helps clients to open up during therapy sessions without having to worry about being judged. How Therapists Provide Unconditional Positive Regard From a therapists perspective, unconditional positive regard means having warm, positive feelings towards the client and accepting the client for who he or she is. It also means being nonjudgmental, which could seem counterintuitive if a client reports behavior that is socially undesirable. However, Rogerian psychologists believe that it is important for therapists to attempt to communicate unconditional positive regard at all times. This therapeutic approach is influenced by the Rogerian believe that people are motivated to improve themselves and behave in positive ways. In this light, as psychologist Stephen Joseph explains in a blog for Psychology Today, practicing unconditional positive regard means realizing that, even if a behavior seems unhealthy or maladaptive, the client may have simply been trying their hardest to deal with a difficult situation. For example, imagine that a therapist has a client who shoplifted. Shoplifting is not a desirable behavior, but the therapist practicing unconditional positive regard would consider the fact that the client might have been facing difficult financial circumstances with few other options. When clients behave negatively, Rogerian therapists try to refrain from passing judgments, and instead respect clients’ autonomy. In Rogerian therapy, the therapist will work to try to better understand the client’s situation and the factors that led to their behavior. Through therapy sessions, the client can work to develop more adaptive ways of responding to their environment; importantly, however, clients—and not the therapists—are ultimately the ones to decide what changes they want to implement in their lives. The therapist’s role isn’t to pass judgment on the client’s behavior, but rather to provide a supportive environment where clients can bring about positive change themselves. The Influence of Rogers’ Ideas Today, many psychologists try to cultivate unconditional positive regard when working with clients, even if they don’t strictly identify as Rogerian therapists. Unconditional positive regard is often an important element of the therapeutic relationship, which is crucial for achieving positive outcomes in therapy. Sources Bozarth, Jerold D. â€Å"Unconditional Positive Regard.† The Handbook of Person-Centred Psychotherapy and Counselling, 2nd ed., edited by Mick Cooper, Maureen OHara, Peter F. Schmid, and Arthur C. Bohart, Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, pp. 180-192.Joseph, Stephen. â€Å"Unconditional Positive Regard.† Psychology Today (2012, Oct. 7). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/what-doesnt-kill-us/201210/unconditional-positive-regardLickerman, Alex. â€Å"Unconditional Positive Regard.† Psychology Today (2012, Oct 7). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/happiness-in-world/201210/unconditional-positive-regardNoel, Sarah. â€Å"The Healing Power of the Therapeutic Relationship.† GoodTherapy.org (2010, Oct. 15). https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/person-centered-rogerian-therapy/Rogers, Carl R. â€Å"The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change.† Journal of Consulting Psychology 21.2 (1957): 95-103. http://psycnet.apa.org/record/19 59-00842-001â€Å"Unconditional Positive Regard.† GoodTherapy.org (2015, Aug. 28). https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychpedia/unconditional-positive-regard

The Mozart Effect of Boosting IQ - 863 Words

In the world today people have gain an interest in an easy way in order for them or their family to boost their IQs. It isn’t only families who have gain an interest in this type of information. People who are the most famous at things in which they have done or are trying to do an this people consider themselves as entrepreneurs are going along with this and trying to build up their IQs because they feel it may end up helping them in the long run. This people are the ones who are motivation is the center of this book by Don Campbell called â€Å"The Mozart Effect: Tapping the Power of Music to Heal the Body, Strengthen the Mind and Unlock the Creative Spirit†. Music is what has a outstanding result on individuals because they tend to take time to listen to Music, and this people are the ones who possess a high IQ. {With the hypothesis that was given the dependent variable is ‘IQ’ and the independent variable is the one that stands out the most ‘Musi c’. Dr. Gordon Shaw, Francis Rauscher and Katherine Ky came up with an ideal in order to take what information was given an test it, so they started what is known as an Experiment. The early testing about what was the effect of music in an individual was started in 1988. This is when another individual by the name of Gordon Shaw who was a neurobiologist, along with a scholar student named Xiaodan Leng, decided they were going to try to model what happens with the brain and its actions over a computer system. They came up with theShow MoreRelatedMozart Effect And Its Effect On Mental Development1479 Words   |  6 PagesThe Idea of the Mozart effect came at a time when scientists were trying to merge the aspect of psychology (the science of the mind), and neuroscience (the science of the brain). Scientists felt that music plays a major role in the learning and thinking processes (â€Å"The Mozart Effect†). The Mozart effect refers to the resultant enhanced mental performance that arises when one listens to Mozart’s music. It is suggested that listening to Mozart makes one smarter by improving their spatial intelligenceRead MoreMusic and the Mind Essay1896 Words   |  8 Pagesparticular sequences. A Person with good spatial reasoning is capable of mentally visualizing how a folded paper will turn out without having to use a physical model. This phenomenon has been given the name, the â€Å"Mozart Effect† because his compositions often have the strongest after effects of Spatial Reasoning. It was said that Mozart’s music and a few pieces of baroque music, with a 60 beat per minute pattern, activated both the left and right parts of the brain. Because both sides were activated

Essay Gay and Lesbian Issues - Homosexuality Is Wrong

Homosexuality Is Wrong Within the past several years gay and lesbian rights has become a huge issue. Gays and lesbians have started to come out of the closet, and proudly admitting their sexuality. In the past few years gays and lesbians have been fighting for the right to marry, and adopt children. So far there is only one state that allows gays to become married. People have become more and more open minded with homosexuality. Twenty years ago homosexuality was looked down upon (in general), but now our society thinks that there is nothing wrong with homosexuality. Our nation has started to move away from God, this is why people think that homosexuality is all right. If people are not close to God and do not follow Him,†¦show more content†¦The Bible even states that it is a sin for a man to wear womens clothes, or just the opposite. If this is wrong, then have sex with the same sex is defiantly out of the question. Another reason that homosexuality is wrong is because it simple just is not natural. As the saying goes God made Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve. God made one man and one woman in the beginning, not two men. In nature there are not two male dogs, cats, or any other animals that have sex. It is always male and female. If God intended for males to sleep together, then He would have made it where men can have babied too, but He did not. God made males able to impregnate females, and females able to carry and deliver babies. Also when God sent the flood, He sent one male and one female of each animal to survive the flood. He did not send two male tigers to survive, but a male tiger and a female tiger. Animals can only survive with the sexual intercourse of male and female. People have started to do research trying to prove that being gay is something that you are born with. Scientist are trying to prove that homosexuality is not a choice for some people but a burden. By doing these stud ies gays and lesbians are trying to justify their actions, by saying that it is something that they can not help. Scientist are trying to say that it is a chemical in the brain that causes a person to be gay. God did not make us sinful people, but we have chosen to sin. Also in Romans 1:26-27, itShow MoreRelatedHomosexual Articles On The Usa Vs. Saudi Arabia1537 Words   |  7 PagesUSA vs. Saudi Arabia. The word Gay originally derived from Germanic word that has a meaning of â€Å"joyful, carefree, happy, bright, and showy† in the 17th century. Around the 19th century the word Gay turned out to be referred to a woman who was a prostitute and a gay man was the man who slept with a lot of women (Hiskey). It could be sort of ironical today that a gay man doesn’t sleep with women and a gay woman (Lesbian) doesn’t sleep with men. By 1955, the word gay officially acquired the new addedRead More Gays in the Military Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesFor nearly 50 years, it has been the U.S. militarys official policy to exclude homosexuals from service. In November 1992, President - elect Clinton told Americans that he planned to lift the militarys long - standing ban on gays and lesbians. Homosexual men and women, he said, should not be prevented from serving their country based on their sexual orientation. Soon after taking office in 1993, Clinton faced powerful milita ry and congressional opposition to lifting the ban. General Colin PowellRead MoreGays in the Military1427 Words   |  6 PagesGays in the Military, is it right? For nearly 50 years, it has been the U.S. militarys official policy to exclude homosexuals from service. In November 1992, President - elect Clinton told Americans that he planned to lift the militarys long - standing ban on gays and lesbians. Homosexual men and women, he said, should not be prevented from serving their country based on their sexual orientation. Soon after taking office in 1993, Clinton faced powerful military and congressional oppositionRead MoreOppression and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Persons 1091 Words   |  5 PagesLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Oppression Generations ago, the United States was a country of the male wardrobe. Todays movements for the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community are leveraging the existence of more globalized and open systems. Besides, the promotion of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population have been acknowledged through smart partnerships within conventional, political and economic scene, while the males and heterosexuals areRead MoreNo One Is Born Gay Or Straight, By Jane Ward843 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the article â€Å"No One Is Born Gay or Straight,† issues arose about how people are gay through genetics. Some of the members from the Human Rights Campaign arguably told Herman Cain that being gay is not a choice. The advocacy group wants people to realize that sexual orientation can be affected in other ways. For instance, Cynthia Nixon commented that she decided to have relationships with women, but when the advocacy groups started to pressure her, she changed her statement and said thatRead MoreHow Has Homophobia Become a Witch Hunt? Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesDictionary, homophobia is the irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals. Much like a witch hunt, homophobia targets and seeks out individuals, gay or straight, and persecutes them based on ignorance, and further more if one cannot provide solid proof of his or her innocence. (Hughes) It is the fuel behind many hate crimes and discrimination. Some claim that homosexuality is a disease. If this statement is true, couldn’t we all simply begin to call in â€Å"queer†Read MoreThe Laramie Project, By Moses Kaufman Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesfolks. The main issue was how homosexuality was defined in the crime. The Laramie Project, questioned the rights of the LGBT+ group. For example, why were Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, and Transgenders discriminated by the community and the society as a whole even thou gh their rights were constitutional? Context From the play, Matthew Shepard a college student at the University of Wyoming was tied up in a cattle fence. The student was majoring in political science and was believed to be gay, and he didRead MoreTeaching Homosexuality And The School System1126 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Conditioning Teaching Homosexuality Through the Unites States teaching homosexuality and the Acceptance of Gay student s is becoming more prevelant. The question that should be asked first is why students are becoming targets for the new Homosexual Agenda? The Public school system has become the prey for Gay right activist. â€Å" The ideas is change the minds of students today, and you will change the direction od states tomorrow (Harrub 2006). Activist believe the younger the kids, theRead MoreHuman Sexuality821 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the ages, our society has documented homosexuality. Within our culture, homosexuality has been largely condemned. In looking at the historical perspective of homosexuality, the responses were different with each society that was dealing with it. The Greeks were okay with it due to their belief that some of their mythical gods were engaging in homosexual behavior. Christianity denounced those sexual associations and made their belief and intentions clear that this behavior wa s not to continueRead MoreThe Gay Games Should Be Banned Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Gay Games, founded in the early eighties, was meant to be a safe place for any and all who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, queer, intersex, asexual and so on (LGBTQIA+), and who enjoyed participating in sports. During the time when the Games were founded, homosexuality was not widely accepted, whereas now gay marriage has been legalized and the rights of those who are LGBTQIA+ are acknowledged. This ties into the idea that sport and recreation have pulled diversity

Children and the Single Parent Essay Example For Students

Children and the Single Parent Essay By: Jennifer E-mail: emailprotected Children and the Single Parent Essay Single parenting begins with the divorce of a couple who have children. Approximately ninety percent of all minor children live primarily with their mothers. Non custodial fathers usually have less than biweekly contact with their children, and involvement usually declines as time goes by. Since most single-parent households are mother-headed, and have only one income, often below that of a man. This results in economic distress and fewer opportunities for educational and extracurricular experiences. Economic constraints may limit growth enhancing experiences. Even children whose fathers pay substantial child support are faced with limiting experiences. Children hate divorce because having two of the most important people in your life living apart hurts. For children, divorce is not a one time event, but a continued process. This is a traumatic experience for the children because it leaves them feeling alone, as if nobody in the world cares about them. Single parenting affects each child differently according to that childs age. Infants and young children can feel abandoned by the decision of parents to get divorced. Most infants and young children need to feel, hear, and see both parents in order to bond with their parents. This bond is important for their parent/child relationship later in the childs life. Parenting is difficult at this age because this young child requires great amounts of nurturing. Single parents dont have time to give the proper nurturing because they are forced to work and take care of the household duties alone and therefore become extremely stressed because they worry about their children getting enough of their attention. Preschool aged children need a daily schedule. They have certain times for naps, lunch, dinner, and play. They like their certain toys, certain spots on the rug, certain people, and certain television shows. In the book, Growing Up With Divorce by Niel Kalter, he states that, an inconsistent daily schedule can cause distress in preschool age children in much the same way as it does in infants and toddlers (136). Parents need to maintain the daily schedule. This is most difficult for the parent who does not have primary custody of the child. The non custodial parent must try to accomplish a schedule of their own, that must include the needs and wants of the child. Depending on the work situation of this parent, it can be a quite difficult task. Preschool age children can develop stress reactions when they dont live with their non custodial father. The attachment many children develop with their father by the preschool years makes them sensitive to changes in the amount of time they spend with him and interact with him. In these instances, the changes in the quality of the father-child relationship can be difficult at best. A younger child can not always understand who their father really is. This leaves fathers feeling desparate for time with their child. When the father spends time with his children, he is liable to stretch the time they have together by taking the children home later, which causes stress for the mother because she has such negative feelings toward the father. This becomes fuel for confrontations with the father. The elementary school age is the third stage of child development. Children gain an increased capacity for abstract thinking. Children of divorced parents have frightening fantasies and dreams of being abandoned or hurt as a result of their parents rage towards each other. Carla B. Garrity and Mitchell A. Baris, authors of Caught in the Middle, explain how children of six to eight years of age, are often directly involved with their parents disputes. Research suggests that parents encourage children of this age to take part in their quarrels. These children are like a communication channel. Mom may use children as spies to learn details at dads house. Dad encourages children to harass and complain to their mother about things he dislikes himself. Sexual harassment Essay Ninety-five percent of children this age witness episodes of verbal abuse between their parents (31-32). Mothers may find themselves spending a great deal of time trying to make the father look bad. Children begin to dislike their mother for what she .

Management Accounting Procedure

Question: Discuss about the Management Accounting. Answer: Introduction Management accounting is the procedure of identification of communicating, analyzing, interpreting and measuring statement for following of the goal of a company. Managerial accounting commonly famous as cost accounting, that is a most important part in accounting system. Difference between financial and managerial accounting is reflects that the managerial accounting statement or the information is objected to assists the organizer of the company inside the company to make some decisions about the organization. The main object of the financial accounting is to provides information to their other partners outside the company (AHMED and DUELLMAN, 2012). Main body Management accounting can be defined as the providing and preparing punctual statistical and financial information to the business organizers, to make everyday their short time managerial decisions. It is the procedure of producing information for the organizations internal stakeholders and they also opposed by the external stakeholders. Proper impact of the managerial accounting is periodic statement for the companys manager of the Chief executive officer of companys department. Management accounting reports are commonly inclusive of the detailed accounts of the companys availability of the organizations revenue on their hand, recent production of sales revenue, present situation of the companies accounts payable and receivable (Bamber, Braun and Harrison, 2008). Managerial accounting statement is greatly varying from the financial accounting, quite a less numbers of different paths. Financial accounting reports have a tendency of being based on historical data. But management accounting is mainly focused on the looking forward of the accounts of the company. Managerial accounting information also generally kept secret and mainly used for inner purpose of the company. This type of accounting system is also different from other accounting practices. Managerial accounting system is not tabulated depend on commonly accepted accounting practices system. Instead, mainly they depend on requirements of the managements information (Cruz Rambaud, 2010). Verizon group is a private company founded in the year of 1997. It has been a typical company. The company has 360 workers or the employees, and the annual revenue is $176M, the group is bigger than and produces a huge amount of income than the mediocre internet access organization in Australia (Davis and Davis, 2012). Verizon group has three headquarters or branches or subsidiaries. In New South Wales, an average organization has mostly 47 and five employees, its mean that most of the people in Australia work this organization like Verizon Australia Ltd than other organization. The annual sales volume of the company actual is $176M. The companys revenue is $489,339 per employee. Putting this in a perspective manner, the organization produces per employee is $215,288 and the company makes more than 127% revenue in each employee than the others well-known and furious group in Australia. This organization has three types of family members, this also incorporate headquarters, subsidiari es, branches, more and parent companies. This company is a foreign-owned company that generates the income from such types of provisions like telecommunication, IT, security and maintenance services and network installation. Verizon group offers telecommunication services to different kinds of companies in Australia incorporated internet security, running of networks, marketing, sales, construction, integration, network installation and also maintenance (Verizon Wireless, 2012). Verizon group mostly provides such following services to the customers like communication services, cloud and data center services, security services, machine to machine services, mobility services, network services, etc. Conclusion With the help of managerial accounting different features regarding the financial condition of the company can be calculated. The different features include profit, variance, unit cost and marginal cost. With the help of these statistics and figures available, it is possible predict the performance of the company in the near future. With the help of the accounting practices, it is possible to predict and understand the performance of the company. This study helped to provide a good knowledge about managerial accounting with the help of using Verizon Group as an example. References AHMED, A. and DUELLMAN, S. (2012). Managerial Overconfidence and Accounting Conservatism.Journal of Accounting Research, 51(1), pp.1-30. Bamber, L., Braun, K. and Harrison, W. (2008).Managerial accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Cruz Rambaud, S. (2010).Algebraic models for accounting systems. Singapore: World Scientific. Davis, C. and Davis, E. (2012).Managerial accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Verizon Wireless. (2012). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office.

How To Write A CCLS Sample Essay

How To Write A CCLS Sample EssayA CCLS sample essay is like a tutorial or a talk that you would have in college. It is a method where you would learn all the basics about writing and grammar to help you improve your writing skills. This will be of great benefit if you want to write for exams, but you might also need to write for others, too.The first part of CCLS is an Introduction which will prepare you for what you are going to do when you finish writing your sample essay. All the pieces of your introduction will be discussed in the course. You can also review the information provided in the course so that you do not forget anything important. Some people might find it useful to begin the essay with the word 'Hello'.The next part of CCLS is a Sample Essay. This is a guide that will show you how to write your essay, what format to use, and what order to use in your essay. The sample essay will also introduce you to all the different styles of grammar you can use, the tone you can us e, and the time of writing.One thing that you must remember about CCLS is that you are not expected to have a Master's degree by the end of the course. If you do not follow the lesson and essay guide well, then you may have problems with grammar and spelling. So, do not think that you are doomed if you do not have the required knowledge. You can take some time off, sit down and study the lessons well, then come back and start learning to write.A CCLS sample essay must be able to demonstrate how a person can express himself and a potential employer and the reader would be able to understand the purpose of the essay. What is it that he is trying to convey in his essay? The best way to learn this would be to just read through your sample and see how you could improve the essay by adding some sentences, paragraphs, and even entire sections.Sometimes, after finishing an essay, you might need to give your essay another try so that you can feel how it is supposed to be written. You might e ven change the way you write your essay depending on how well you can comprehend the lesson.With the assistance of CCLS, you will be able to write your essay with greater ease. This will help you continue to improve your writing skills and get the better grades in your college career.

The novel Hard Times Essay Example

The novel Hard Times Paper In the novel Hard Times, Mrs Sparsit is the housekeeper for the very outspoken Mr Bounderby, who is always talking about how self made he is although throughout the book he story alters a bit to fit the mood of the particular chapter. Mrs Sparsit is not portrayed, as you would expect a housekeeper to be portrayed. The connotations of her job have no similarities to her personality. Mrs Sparsit herself has had trouble in the past, although she had the status of an upper class female she lost her status in society due to debts her husband left her with. Mrs Sparsit married Mr Sparsit but when he got addicted to gambling he got into so much debt that he ended up passing away with them over his head. In Book 1 we are introduced to Mrs Sparsit as Bounderbys housekeeper but then she starts to make many hints that she has a particular spot for Bounderby that she cannot talk about. She is introduced as this elderly lady that presided over his establishment. Mrs Sparsit speaks of her hardship to Bounderby in the hope that he will understand because he speaks about being so hard done by in the past by his mother. We will write a custom essay sample on The novel Hard Times specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The novel Hard Times specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The novel Hard Times specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Mrs Sparsit can relate to Bounderby and thats why she is so drawn to him in the novel, also because they are the same age she feels even closer to him. Mrs Sparsit is quite insignificant in the first Book but she placed there because she objects so much to Bounderbys marriage proposal to Louisa. We get many clues that Mrs Sparsit that Mrs Sparsit is fond of Mr Bounderby in more ways than one and we pick up on this because of her reaction to the marriage. In book 1 Mrs Sparsit is the fuel that keeps Bounderbys already huge ego going. Due to all the debts that she was left with Mrs Sparsit is financially dependent on Bounderby, and in her opinion she is his number one woman because she does all the womanly duties around the house. Also Bounderby depends on her for her womanly perspective on female issues. In Book 2, Mrs Sparsit becomes more significant and she is more constant through out the second book. She plays a more active role because she is sent to live in the bank because of the marriage and Mrs Sparsit is quite publicly annoyed so she decides that she is going to call Louisa by her first name and not her marriage name. She has so many objections against this marriage because she can see Louisa being a threat to her number one place in Bounderbys household, also she knows that she could be a better wife than Louisa therefore disagrees with this marriage but she will never get to show Bounderby what a wife she could be because of Louisa. Mrs Sparsit is so desperate to separate Bounderby and Louisa that she drives a wedge between them by commenting on every little detail about Louisa. In Book 2 Mrs Sparsit is sent to live in the bank Dickens relights the whole fact vs. fancy battle that takes place everywhere in the novel, because he says Mrs Sparsit considered herself, in some sort, the Bank fairy then goes on to say Townspeople who in their passing and repassing saw her there, regarded her as the Bank dragon. Dickens has used these examples to imply Mrs Sparsit personality of a spy who watches over Bounderbys household like a dragon would a layer. In this particular part of the novel Mrs Sparsit displays her weakness for spying as she goes and spies on Louisa and Harthouse, she tries to pick up as much information as she can to go back and tell Bounderby of Louisas cheating ways. Harthouse and Mrs Sparsit meet in the bank where she now lives, Harthouse makes spiteful comments to Mrs Sparsit in the hope that she will be more annoyed at Louisa coming in to Bounderbys household and snatching her place away, so it ends up that Louisa and Bounderby get divorced for Harthouse to marry Louisa. Therefore he says to her I presume, that Mr Bounderby the banker does not reside in the edifice which I have the honour of offering this explanation? It seems that Mrs Sparsit was placed in this particular part of the novel because she persistently follows Louisa and Harthouse that she finally ends up pushing Louisa to tell her father how unhappy she is with the marriage. Mrs Sparsit has been given the job of spying on people in the novel because she thinks that nobody would suspect an old housekeeper to be the towns gossiper, so she uses that to her advantage. Dickens has portrayed Mrs Sparsit in this particular way because he wanted Mrs Sparsit to see everybody miserable, as they had done when she was left with her husbands debt. So by her spying and interfering in Louisas marriage and her relationship with Harthouse it is her opportunity to get Bounderby and be happy for once in her life but it does not work out like that for her.